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Marzenna Anna Weresa, Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski
Competitiveness is a complex and multifaceted concept that inspires various types of economic research that lead to discovering new determinants of socio-economic development and the relations between them. In the era of widespread use of the internet and electronic access to many sources of information and knowledge, it is worth checking how commonly this term is used. In a matter of seconds, the search engine retrieves more than 1.3 million sources in Polish, where the concept of competitiveness appears, and the search for the English word “competitiveness” yielded more than 183 million hits. Therefore, is there anything new to be said about competitiveness? The authors of this monograph take up this challenge by dealing with entrepreneurship and its relationship with the competitiveness of economies. Why are entrepreneurship and related initiatives particularly important for competitiveness? Among other things, because they lead both to the creation of new firms and to increased productivity, which has traditionally been considered
a manifestation of the competitiveness of nations [Porter, 1990]. However, there are many other issues that are analyzed in more detail in this monograph. The goal of this monograph with regard to theory is to broaden knowledge about entrepreneurship as a factor of the competitiveness of economies and to identify the directions of research on competitiveness, which emerged in the literature in response to new challenges of the 21st century, including the climate crisis, the COVID-19
pandemic, or demographic changes. The empirical analyses aim to determine the current competitive position of the Polish economy vis-à-vis other European Union
countries and its changes over the period 2015–2022, taking into account the role of entrepreneurship for the development of competitive advantages, including the formation of start-ups. The achievement of these goals is supported by the following sub-goals, which are as follows:
-to present the theoretical background of the issue of international competitiveness,
taking into account the latest scientific developments;
-to identify the international competitive position of Poland compared to selected
countries;
-to identify and assess the importance of the factors crucial to the competitive
ability of the Polish economy, as well as their analysis in terms of linkages with
entrepreneurship;
-to determine the trends in entrepreneurship development in Poland, with particular
emphasis on new business formation, technological entrepreneurship, innovation,
and clusters. The monograph consists of three parts divided into chapters. The first part (Chapters 1–2) outlines the theoretical background and introduces the concept of competitiveness, its determinants, including digitalization, sustainability, and entrepreneurship, taking into account the role of start-ups. The importance and multidimensionality of
both concepts and different approaches to defining these terms are emphasized. It is also demonstrated that research at any level, whether focused on the firm (microeconomic),
clusters (mesoeconomic) or the national economy (macroeconomic), leads to the conclusion that there is a strong and at the same time very complex relationship between entrepreneurship and competitiveness.
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Preface
Marzenna Anna Weresa, Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski
Part I. Competitiveness and Entrepreneurship: Theoretical Background
Chapter 1. Definition and Factors of Competitiveness: A Review of the Scientific
Literature
Marzenna Anna Weresa
Chapter 2. Entrepreneurship as the Factor of Competitiveness, and the Role
of Start-Ups
Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski
Part II. Competitive Position and the Development of Entrepreneurship: Poland and Other European Union Members Compared
Chapter 3. Income Convergence in the European Union and the Pentagon of Competitiveness
Mariusz Próchniak
Chapter 4. Entrepreneurship in Poland in Comparison with the European Union:Current State and Prospects for Development
Artur Franciszek Tomeczek
Chapter 5. Foreign Direct Investment in Poland and Polish Investment Abroad
Tomasz Marcin Napiórkowski
Chapter 6. Total Factor Productivity
Mariusz Próchniak
Part III. Competitive Ability and the Role of Entrepreneurship
Chapter 7. Capital and Its Role for Entrepreneurship Development
Waldemar Milewicz
Chapter 8. Labor Availability and Skills in Poland
Anna Maria Dzienis
Chapter 9. Innovative Capacity, Digital Transformation, Technological Entrepreneurship, and Clusters
Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski, Małgorzata Stefania Lewandowska, Marzenna Anna Weresa
Chapter 10. Cultural Dimensions of Entrepreneurship
Lidia Danik, Małgorzata Stefania Lewandowska
Summary and ConclusionsCompetitiveness of Poland in 2023
Marzenna Anna Weresa, Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski
Opis
Wstęp
Marzenna Anna Weresa, Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski
Competitiveness is a complex and multifaceted concept that inspires various types of economic research that lead to discovering new determinants of socio-economic development and the relations between them. In the era of widespread use of the internet and electronic access to many sources of information and knowledge, it is worth checking how commonly this term is used. In a matter of seconds, the search engine retrieves more than 1.3 million sources in Polish, where the concept of competitiveness appears, and the search for the English word “competitiveness” yielded more than 183 million hits. Therefore, is there anything new to be said about competitiveness? The authors of this monograph take up this challenge by dealing with entrepreneurship and its relationship with the competitiveness of economies. Why are entrepreneurship and related initiatives particularly important for competitiveness? Among other things, because they lead both to the creation of new firms and to increased productivity, which has traditionally been considered
a manifestation of the competitiveness of nations [Porter, 1990]. However, there are many other issues that are analyzed in more detail in this monograph. The goal of this monograph with regard to theory is to broaden knowledge about entrepreneurship as a factor of the competitiveness of economies and to identify the directions of research on competitiveness, which emerged in the literature in response to new challenges of the 21st century, including the climate crisis, the COVID-19
pandemic, or demographic changes. The empirical analyses aim to determine the current competitive position of the Polish economy vis-à-vis other European Union
countries and its changes over the period 2015–2022, taking into account the role of entrepreneurship for the development of competitive advantages, including the formation of start-ups. The achievement of these goals is supported by the following sub-goals, which are as follows:
-to present the theoretical background of the issue of international competitiveness,
taking into account the latest scientific developments;
-to identify the international competitive position of Poland compared to selected
countries;
-to identify and assess the importance of the factors crucial to the competitive
ability of the Polish economy, as well as their analysis in terms of linkages with
entrepreneurship;
-to determine the trends in entrepreneurship development in Poland, with particular
emphasis on new business formation, technological entrepreneurship, innovation,
and clusters. The monograph consists of three parts divided into chapters. The first part (Chapters 1–2) outlines the theoretical background and introduces the concept of competitiveness, its determinants, including digitalization, sustainability, and entrepreneurship, taking into account the role of start-ups. The importance and multidimensionality of
both concepts and different approaches to defining these terms are emphasized. It is also demonstrated that research at any level, whether focused on the firm (microeconomic),
clusters (mesoeconomic) or the national economy (macroeconomic), leads to the conclusion that there is a strong and at the same time very complex relationship between entrepreneurship and competitiveness.
Spis treści
Preface
Marzenna Anna Weresa, Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski
Part I. Competitiveness and Entrepreneurship: Theoretical Background
Chapter 1. Definition and Factors of Competitiveness: A Review of the Scientific
Literature
Marzenna Anna Weresa
Chapter 2. Entrepreneurship as the Factor of Competitiveness, and the Role
of Start-Ups
Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski
Part II. Competitive Position and the Development of Entrepreneurship: Poland and Other European Union Members Compared
Chapter 3. Income Convergence in the European Union and the Pentagon of Competitiveness
Mariusz Próchniak
Chapter 4. Entrepreneurship in Poland in Comparison with the European Union:Current State and Prospects for Development
Artur Franciszek Tomeczek
Chapter 5. Foreign Direct Investment in Poland and Polish Investment Abroad
Tomasz Marcin Napiórkowski
Chapter 6. Total Factor Productivity
Mariusz Próchniak
Part III. Competitive Ability and the Role of Entrepreneurship
Chapter 7. Capital and Its Role for Entrepreneurship Development
Waldemar Milewicz
Chapter 8. Labor Availability and Skills in Poland
Anna Maria Dzienis
Chapter 9. Innovative Capacity, Digital Transformation, Technological Entrepreneurship, and Clusters
Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski, Małgorzata Stefania Lewandowska, Marzenna Anna Weresa
Chapter 10. Cultural Dimensions of Entrepreneurship
Lidia Danik, Małgorzata Stefania Lewandowska
Summary and ConclusionsCompetitiveness of Poland in 2023
Marzenna Anna Weresa, Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski
Opinie
Marzenna Anna Weresa, Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski
Competitiveness is a complex and multifaceted concept that inspires various types of economic research that lead to discovering new determinants of socio-economic development and the relations between them. In the era of widespread use of the internet and electronic access to many sources of information and knowledge, it is worth checking how commonly this term is used. In a matter of seconds, the search engine retrieves more than 1.3 million sources in Polish, where the concept of competitiveness appears, and the search for the English word “competitiveness” yielded more than 183 million hits. Therefore, is there anything new to be said about competitiveness? The authors of this monograph take up this challenge by dealing with entrepreneurship and its relationship with the competitiveness of economies. Why are entrepreneurship and related initiatives particularly important for competitiveness? Among other things, because they lead both to the creation of new firms and to increased productivity, which has traditionally been considered
a manifestation of the competitiveness of nations [Porter, 1990]. However, there are many other issues that are analyzed in more detail in this monograph. The goal of this monograph with regard to theory is to broaden knowledge about entrepreneurship as a factor of the competitiveness of economies and to identify the directions of research on competitiveness, which emerged in the literature in response to new challenges of the 21st century, including the climate crisis, the COVID-19
pandemic, or demographic changes. The empirical analyses aim to determine the current competitive position of the Polish economy vis-à-vis other European Union
countries and its changes over the period 2015–2022, taking into account the role of entrepreneurship for the development of competitive advantages, including the formation of start-ups. The achievement of these goals is supported by the following sub-goals, which are as follows:
-to present the theoretical background of the issue of international competitiveness,
taking into account the latest scientific developments;
-to identify the international competitive position of Poland compared to selected
countries;
-to identify and assess the importance of the factors crucial to the competitive
ability of the Polish economy, as well as their analysis in terms of linkages with
entrepreneurship;
-to determine the trends in entrepreneurship development in Poland, with particular
emphasis on new business formation, technological entrepreneurship, innovation,
and clusters. The monograph consists of three parts divided into chapters. The first part (Chapters 1–2) outlines the theoretical background and introduces the concept of competitiveness, its determinants, including digitalization, sustainability, and entrepreneurship, taking into account the role of start-ups. The importance and multidimensionality of
both concepts and different approaches to defining these terms are emphasized. It is also demonstrated that research at any level, whether focused on the firm (microeconomic),
clusters (mesoeconomic) or the national economy (macroeconomic), leads to the conclusion that there is a strong and at the same time very complex relationship between entrepreneurship and competitiveness.
Preface
Marzenna Anna Weresa, Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski
Part I. Competitiveness and Entrepreneurship: Theoretical Background
Chapter 1. Definition and Factors of Competitiveness: A Review of the Scientific
Literature
Marzenna Anna Weresa
Chapter 2. Entrepreneurship as the Factor of Competitiveness, and the Role
of Start-Ups
Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski
Part II. Competitive Position and the Development of Entrepreneurship: Poland and Other European Union Members Compared
Chapter 3. Income Convergence in the European Union and the Pentagon of Competitiveness
Mariusz Próchniak
Chapter 4. Entrepreneurship in Poland in Comparison with the European Union:Current State and Prospects for Development
Artur Franciszek Tomeczek
Chapter 5. Foreign Direct Investment in Poland and Polish Investment Abroad
Tomasz Marcin Napiórkowski
Chapter 6. Total Factor Productivity
Mariusz Próchniak
Part III. Competitive Ability and the Role of Entrepreneurship
Chapter 7. Capital and Its Role for Entrepreneurship Development
Waldemar Milewicz
Chapter 8. Labor Availability and Skills in Poland
Anna Maria Dzienis
Chapter 9. Innovative Capacity, Digital Transformation, Technological Entrepreneurship, and Clusters
Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski, Małgorzata Stefania Lewandowska, Marzenna Anna Weresa
Chapter 10. Cultural Dimensions of Entrepreneurship
Lidia Danik, Małgorzata Stefania Lewandowska
Summary and ConclusionsCompetitiveness of Poland in 2023
Marzenna Anna Weresa, Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski
