Preface
The global economy is witnessing dynamic changes related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The latest achievements in information and communication technologies (ICT) have revolutionized manufacturing and services, as well as business practices. The Fourth Industrial Revolution means another stage of revolutionary changes in the organization and control of the entire product value chain and life cycle. The digital transformation of ICT-driven manufacturing processes manifests itself in a variety of ways, including the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, big data analytics, cloud computing, or augmented reality [Kagermann et al., 2013; Armengaud et al., 2017]. New business models emerge, new technologies gradually change the functioning of public administration. The changes translate into the competitiveness of economies and regions [Porter, Heppelmann, 2014].
Therefore, the question arises about the traditional and new dimensions of competitiveness in the era of digital economy, and their significance for Poland. Seeking an answer to this question is the leitmotif of this monograph. The aims of the analyses conducted in this book are as follows;
- to present the theoretical background of the issue of international competitiveness, taking into account the latest developments in science,
- to identify the international competitive position of Poland compared with other European Union member states,
- to identify the state of implementation of Industry 4.0 solutions in Polish enterprises and asses the significance of the process to the competitiveness of the economy, with special focus on the concept of digital competitiveness,
-to determine the priorities of economic policy, enabling Poland to take advantage of the development opportunities related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution including Industry 4.0, and improvement of digital competitiveness.
The monograph consists of four parts divided into sub-chapters. The first part (Chapters 1-3), presents the contemporary definition of international competitiveness, and its traditional and new dimensions. This provides a theoretical background to further empirical analyses. Particularly noteworthy are the new approaches to competitiveness that have come up in the era of striving towards smart growth and the emergence of the so-called digital economy, while seeking to achieve social sustainability and optimal environmental protection. Research on competitiveness has expanded its focus to include technological, digital, socially and environmentally sustainable, and institutional competitiveness. Those considerations of a conceptual nature are complemented by an overview of the foremost manifestations of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and its consequences for the global economy.
The second part of the monograph focuses on the Polish economy and its current competitive position in the European Union. The starting point is an outline of Poland's development tendencies in 2010-2017 (Chapter 4) and an analysis of the convergence of income in Poland to the average EU level (Chapter 5). The analysis is not limited to economic growth. The following chapter discusses income disparities and poverty level in Poland, which draws reference to the social dimension of Industry 4.0 (Chapter 6). Part II ends with chapters referring to Poland's international relations, i.e., foreign trade (Chapter 7) and foreign direct investment (Chapter 8). They show the role that international links of the economy play in transmitting achievements of the digital economy.
The third part of the monograph is devoted to the main factors of the competitiveness of the Polish economy in the years 2010-2017, taking into account challenges related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The successive chapters analyze the Polish economic policy (Chapter 9), financial system (Chapter 10), investments and financing of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Chapter 11), and the state and development of human resources necessary for the implementation of digital solutions (Chapter 12). The last chapter of this part sums up the analyses, depicting changes in total factor productivity in Poland from the Industry 4.0 perspective (Chapter 13).
Key aspects determining Poland's competitive position from the point of view of the Fourth Digital Revolution are presented in the last, fourth part of the monograph. This part of the monograph starts with a comparison of Poland with selected EU member states, especially from Central and Eastern Europe, in terms of Industry 4.0 development, with special focus on the identification barriers slowing down that process (Chapter 14). Such a diagnosis provides a basis for conclusions and recommendations for an innovative policy geared to supporting the creation and implementation of new technologies based on the use of digital solutions. These aspects are discussed in Chapter 15. The next chapter contains an in-depth analysis aimed to determine the degree of digitalization of the Polish economy and the participation of enterprises operating in Poland in Industrial Revolution 4.0 (Chapter 16). The last chapter of the monograph (Chapter 17) overviews the competitive position of Poland in the adoption of digital technologies in an international comparative context, and provides recommendations for policy that supports digitalization.
The monograph is wrapped up with a brief summary setting out Poland competitive position in 2018 in the context of Industry 4.0 development.
Marzenna Anna Weresa Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski
Bibliography
Armengaud, E., Sams C., von Falck, G., List, G., Kreiner, C., Riel, A. [2017], Industry 4.0 as Digitalization over the Entire Product Lifecycle: Opportunities in the Automotive Domain, in: J. Stolfa, S. Stolfa, R. O'Connor, R. Messnarz (eds.) Systems, Software and Services Process Improvement, EuroSPI 2017, Communications in Computer and Information Science, Vol. 748. Springer, Cham, pp. 334-351
Kagermann, H., Helbig, J., Hellinger, A., Wahlster, W. [2013], Recommendations for Implement- ing the strategic initiative INDUSTRIE 4.0: securing the future of German manufacturing industry; final report of the Industrie 4.0 working group, Forschungsunion.
Porter, M.E., Heppelmann, J.E. [2014], How Smart, Connected Products Are Transforming Competition, "Harvard Business Review" 92, No. 11 (November 2014), pp. 64-88.
[[[separator]]]
Preface
PART I . THE CONCEPT OF INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS AND THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Chapter 1 . The Concept and Dimensions of International Competitiveness - Selected Theoretical Aspects
Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski, Marzenna Anna Weresa
Chapter 2 . Institutional Aspects of International Competitiveness
Krzysztof Falkowski
Chapter 3 . The Fourth Industrial Revolution and Its impact on Global Economy
Andżelika Kuźnar
PART II . COMPETITIVENESS OF THE POLISH ECONOMY IN 2010-2018 IN THE FACE OF INDUSTRY 4.0
Chapter 4 . Development of the Polish Economy in 2010-2018 Compared with Other EU Countries
Ryszard Rapacki, Mariusz Próchniak
Chapter 5 . Income Convergence of Poland to the Average EU Level
Mariusz Próchniak
Chapter 6 . Income Inequality and Poverty in Poland in 2010-2017 in the Context of the Social Dimension of Industry 4.0
Patrycja Graca-Gelert
Chapter 7. Competitiveness of Polish Industry in Foreign Trade in the Context of Industry 4.0
Mariusz-Jan Radło
Chapter 8 Significance of Foreign Direct Investment to the Digital Competitiveness of the Polish Economy
Tomasz M. Napiórkowski
PART III . KEY FACTORS OF COMPETITIVENESS OF THE POLISH ECONOMY IN 2010-2017 IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CHALLENGES OF INDUSTRY 4.0
Chapter 9 . Directions and Key Challenges of Economic Policy in Poland in the Context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Adam Czerniak, Ryszard Rapacki
Chapter 10 . Significance of the Financial System in Poland in 2010-2017 in the
Context of the Challenges Related to Industry 4.0 and Digital Competitiveness
Katarzyna Sum
Chapter 11 . Investments and Financing the Fourth Industrial Revolution in Poland
Piotr Maszczyk
Chapter 12 . Development of Human Resources in the Context of the Challenges of Industry 4.0 and the Digital Economy in Poland
Anna Maria Dzienis
Chapter 13 . Changes in Total Factor Productivity in the Fourth Industrial Revolution Era
Mariusz Próchniak
PART IV. DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRY 4.0 IN POLAND
Chapter 14 .Industry 4.0 State of Play and Barriers in Poland
Marzenna Anna Weresa
Chapter 15. Challenges and Instruments of Innovation Policy in Poland in the Context of Industry 4.0
Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski, Marta Mackiewicz
Chapter 16 . Digitalization of the Polish Economy and the Use of IT Innovations and Big Data by Polish Enterprises
Andżelika Kuźnar
Chapter 17. Poland's Competitive Position in the Use of Digital Technology
Andreas Bielig
FINAL CONCLUSIONS
Competitive Position of the Polish Economy in the Context of Digital Economy Development
Marzenna Anna Weresa, Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski
Opis
Wstęp
Preface
The global economy is witnessing dynamic changes related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The latest achievements in information and communication technologies (ICT) have revolutionized manufacturing and services, as well as business practices. The Fourth Industrial Revolution means another stage of revolutionary changes in the organization and control of the entire product value chain and life cycle. The digital transformation of ICT-driven manufacturing processes manifests itself in a variety of ways, including the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, big data analytics, cloud computing, or augmented reality [Kagermann et al., 2013; Armengaud et al., 2017]. New business models emerge, new technologies gradually change the functioning of public administration. The changes translate into the competitiveness of economies and regions [Porter, Heppelmann, 2014].
Therefore, the question arises about the traditional and new dimensions of competitiveness in the era of digital economy, and their significance for Poland. Seeking an answer to this question is the leitmotif of this monograph. The aims of the analyses conducted in this book are as follows;
- to present the theoretical background of the issue of international competitiveness, taking into account the latest developments in science,
- to identify the international competitive position of Poland compared with other European Union member states,
- to identify the state of implementation of Industry 4.0 solutions in Polish enterprises and asses the significance of the process to the competitiveness of the economy, with special focus on the concept of digital competitiveness,
-to determine the priorities of economic policy, enabling Poland to take advantage of the development opportunities related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution including Industry 4.0, and improvement of digital competitiveness.
The monograph consists of four parts divided into sub-chapters. The first part (Chapters 1-3), presents the contemporary definition of international competitiveness, and its traditional and new dimensions. This provides a theoretical background to further empirical analyses. Particularly noteworthy are the new approaches to competitiveness that have come up in the era of striving towards smart growth and the emergence of the so-called digital economy, while seeking to achieve social sustainability and optimal environmental protection. Research on competitiveness has expanded its focus to include technological, digital, socially and environmentally sustainable, and institutional competitiveness. Those considerations of a conceptual nature are complemented by an overview of the foremost manifestations of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and its consequences for the global economy.
The second part of the monograph focuses on the Polish economy and its current competitive position in the European Union. The starting point is an outline of Poland's development tendencies in 2010-2017 (Chapter 4) and an analysis of the convergence of income in Poland to the average EU level (Chapter 5). The analysis is not limited to economic growth. The following chapter discusses income disparities and poverty level in Poland, which draws reference to the social dimension of Industry 4.0 (Chapter 6). Part II ends with chapters referring to Poland's international relations, i.e., foreign trade (Chapter 7) and foreign direct investment (Chapter 8). They show the role that international links of the economy play in transmitting achievements of the digital economy.
The third part of the monograph is devoted to the main factors of the competitiveness of the Polish economy in the years 2010-2017, taking into account challenges related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The successive chapters analyze the Polish economic policy (Chapter 9), financial system (Chapter 10), investments and financing of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Chapter 11), and the state and development of human resources necessary for the implementation of digital solutions (Chapter 12). The last chapter of this part sums up the analyses, depicting changes in total factor productivity in Poland from the Industry 4.0 perspective (Chapter 13).
Key aspects determining Poland's competitive position from the point of view of the Fourth Digital Revolution are presented in the last, fourth part of the monograph. This part of the monograph starts with a comparison of Poland with selected EU member states, especially from Central and Eastern Europe, in terms of Industry 4.0 development, with special focus on the identification barriers slowing down that process (Chapter 14). Such a diagnosis provides a basis for conclusions and recommendations for an innovative policy geared to supporting the creation and implementation of new technologies based on the use of digital solutions. These aspects are discussed in Chapter 15. The next chapter contains an in-depth analysis aimed to determine the degree of digitalization of the Polish economy and the participation of enterprises operating in Poland in Industrial Revolution 4.0 (Chapter 16). The last chapter of the monograph (Chapter 17) overviews the competitive position of Poland in the adoption of digital technologies in an international comparative context, and provides recommendations for policy that supports digitalization.
The monograph is wrapped up with a brief summary setting out Poland competitive position in 2018 in the context of Industry 4.0 development.
Marzenna Anna Weresa Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski
Bibliography
Armengaud, E., Sams C., von Falck, G., List, G., Kreiner, C., Riel, A. [2017], Industry 4.0 as Digitalization over the Entire Product Lifecycle: Opportunities in the Automotive Domain, in: J. Stolfa, S. Stolfa, R. O'Connor, R. Messnarz (eds.) Systems, Software and Services Process Improvement, EuroSPI 2017, Communications in Computer and Information Science, Vol. 748. Springer, Cham, pp. 334-351
Kagermann, H., Helbig, J., Hellinger, A., Wahlster, W. [2013], Recommendations for Implement- ing the strategic initiative INDUSTRIE 4.0: securing the future of German manufacturing industry; final report of the Industrie 4.0 working group, Forschungsunion.
Porter, M.E., Heppelmann, J.E. [2014], How Smart, Connected Products Are Transforming Competition, "Harvard Business Review" 92, No. 11 (November 2014), pp. 64-88.
Spis treści
Preface
PART I . THE CONCEPT OF INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS AND THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Chapter 1 . The Concept and Dimensions of International Competitiveness - Selected Theoretical Aspects
Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski, Marzenna Anna Weresa
Chapter 2 . Institutional Aspects of International Competitiveness
Krzysztof Falkowski
Chapter 3 . The Fourth Industrial Revolution and Its impact on Global Economy
Andżelika Kuźnar
PART II . COMPETITIVENESS OF THE POLISH ECONOMY IN 2010-2018 IN THE FACE OF INDUSTRY 4.0
Chapter 4 . Development of the Polish Economy in 2010-2018 Compared with Other EU Countries
Ryszard Rapacki, Mariusz Próchniak
Chapter 5 . Income Convergence of Poland to the Average EU Level
Mariusz Próchniak
Chapter 6 . Income Inequality and Poverty in Poland in 2010-2017 in the Context of the Social Dimension of Industry 4.0
Patrycja Graca-Gelert
Chapter 7. Competitiveness of Polish Industry in Foreign Trade in the Context of Industry 4.0
Mariusz-Jan Radło
Chapter 8 Significance of Foreign Direct Investment to the Digital Competitiveness of the Polish Economy
Tomasz M. Napiórkowski
PART III . KEY FACTORS OF COMPETITIVENESS OF THE POLISH ECONOMY IN 2010-2017 IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CHALLENGES OF INDUSTRY 4.0
Chapter 9 . Directions and Key Challenges of Economic Policy in Poland in the Context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Adam Czerniak, Ryszard Rapacki
Chapter 10 . Significance of the Financial System in Poland in 2010-2017 in the
Context of the Challenges Related to Industry 4.0 and Digital Competitiveness
Katarzyna Sum
Chapter 11 . Investments and Financing the Fourth Industrial Revolution in Poland
Piotr Maszczyk
Chapter 12 . Development of Human Resources in the Context of the Challenges of Industry 4.0 and the Digital Economy in Poland
Anna Maria Dzienis
Chapter 13 . Changes in Total Factor Productivity in the Fourth Industrial Revolution Era
Mariusz Próchniak
PART IV. DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRY 4.0 IN POLAND
Chapter 14 .Industry 4.0 State of Play and Barriers in Poland
Marzenna Anna Weresa
Chapter 15. Challenges and Instruments of Innovation Policy in Poland in the Context of Industry 4.0
Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski, Marta Mackiewicz
Chapter 16 . Digitalization of the Polish Economy and the Use of IT Innovations and Big Data by Polish Enterprises
Andżelika Kuźnar
Chapter 17. Poland's Competitive Position in the Use of Digital Technology
Andreas Bielig
FINAL CONCLUSIONS
Competitive Position of the Polish Economy in the Context of Digital Economy Development
Marzenna Anna Weresa, Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski
Opinie
Preface
The global economy is witnessing dynamic changes related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The latest achievements in information and communication technologies (ICT) have revolutionized manufacturing and services, as well as business practices. The Fourth Industrial Revolution means another stage of revolutionary changes in the organization and control of the entire product value chain and life cycle. The digital transformation of ICT-driven manufacturing processes manifests itself in a variety of ways, including the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, big data analytics, cloud computing, or augmented reality [Kagermann et al., 2013; Armengaud et al., 2017]. New business models emerge, new technologies gradually change the functioning of public administration. The changes translate into the competitiveness of economies and regions [Porter, Heppelmann, 2014].
Therefore, the question arises about the traditional and new dimensions of competitiveness in the era of digital economy, and their significance for Poland. Seeking an answer to this question is the leitmotif of this monograph. The aims of the analyses conducted in this book are as follows;
- to present the theoretical background of the issue of international competitiveness, taking into account the latest developments in science,
- to identify the international competitive position of Poland compared with other European Union member states,
- to identify the state of implementation of Industry 4.0 solutions in Polish enterprises and asses the significance of the process to the competitiveness of the economy, with special focus on the concept of digital competitiveness,
-to determine the priorities of economic policy, enabling Poland to take advantage of the development opportunities related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution including Industry 4.0, and improvement of digital competitiveness.
The monograph consists of four parts divided into sub-chapters. The first part (Chapters 1-3), presents the contemporary definition of international competitiveness, and its traditional and new dimensions. This provides a theoretical background to further empirical analyses. Particularly noteworthy are the new approaches to competitiveness that have come up in the era of striving towards smart growth and the emergence of the so-called digital economy, while seeking to achieve social sustainability and optimal environmental protection. Research on competitiveness has expanded its focus to include technological, digital, socially and environmentally sustainable, and institutional competitiveness. Those considerations of a conceptual nature are complemented by an overview of the foremost manifestations of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and its consequences for the global economy.
The second part of the monograph focuses on the Polish economy and its current competitive position in the European Union. The starting point is an outline of Poland's development tendencies in 2010-2017 (Chapter 4) and an analysis of the convergence of income in Poland to the average EU level (Chapter 5). The analysis is not limited to economic growth. The following chapter discusses income disparities and poverty level in Poland, which draws reference to the social dimension of Industry 4.0 (Chapter 6). Part II ends with chapters referring to Poland's international relations, i.e., foreign trade (Chapter 7) and foreign direct investment (Chapter 8). They show the role that international links of the economy play in transmitting achievements of the digital economy.
The third part of the monograph is devoted to the main factors of the competitiveness of the Polish economy in the years 2010-2017, taking into account challenges related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The successive chapters analyze the Polish economic policy (Chapter 9), financial system (Chapter 10), investments and financing of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Chapter 11), and the state and development of human resources necessary for the implementation of digital solutions (Chapter 12). The last chapter of this part sums up the analyses, depicting changes in total factor productivity in Poland from the Industry 4.0 perspective (Chapter 13).
Key aspects determining Poland's competitive position from the point of view of the Fourth Digital Revolution are presented in the last, fourth part of the monograph. This part of the monograph starts with a comparison of Poland with selected EU member states, especially from Central and Eastern Europe, in terms of Industry 4.0 development, with special focus on the identification barriers slowing down that process (Chapter 14). Such a diagnosis provides a basis for conclusions and recommendations for an innovative policy geared to supporting the creation and implementation of new technologies based on the use of digital solutions. These aspects are discussed in Chapter 15. The next chapter contains an in-depth analysis aimed to determine the degree of digitalization of the Polish economy and the participation of enterprises operating in Poland in Industrial Revolution 4.0 (Chapter 16). The last chapter of the monograph (Chapter 17) overviews the competitive position of Poland in the adoption of digital technologies in an international comparative context, and provides recommendations for policy that supports digitalization.
The monograph is wrapped up with a brief summary setting out Poland competitive position in 2018 in the context of Industry 4.0 development.
Marzenna Anna Weresa Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski
Bibliography
Armengaud, E., Sams C., von Falck, G., List, G., Kreiner, C., Riel, A. [2017], Industry 4.0 as Digitalization over the Entire Product Lifecycle: Opportunities in the Automotive Domain, in: J. Stolfa, S. Stolfa, R. O'Connor, R. Messnarz (eds.) Systems, Software and Services Process Improvement, EuroSPI 2017, Communications in Computer and Information Science, Vol. 748. Springer, Cham, pp. 334-351
Kagermann, H., Helbig, J., Hellinger, A., Wahlster, W. [2013], Recommendations for Implement- ing the strategic initiative INDUSTRIE 4.0: securing the future of German manufacturing industry; final report of the Industrie 4.0 working group, Forschungsunion.
Porter, M.E., Heppelmann, J.E. [2014], How Smart, Connected Products Are Transforming Competition, "Harvard Business Review" 92, No. 11 (November 2014), pp. 64-88.
Preface
PART I . THE CONCEPT OF INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS AND THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Chapter 1 . The Concept and Dimensions of International Competitiveness - Selected Theoretical Aspects
Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski, Marzenna Anna Weresa
Chapter 2 . Institutional Aspects of International Competitiveness
Krzysztof Falkowski
Chapter 3 . The Fourth Industrial Revolution and Its impact on Global Economy
Andżelika Kuźnar
PART II . COMPETITIVENESS OF THE POLISH ECONOMY IN 2010-2018 IN THE FACE OF INDUSTRY 4.0
Chapter 4 . Development of the Polish Economy in 2010-2018 Compared with Other EU Countries
Ryszard Rapacki, Mariusz Próchniak
Chapter 5 . Income Convergence of Poland to the Average EU Level
Mariusz Próchniak
Chapter 6 . Income Inequality and Poverty in Poland in 2010-2017 in the Context of the Social Dimension of Industry 4.0
Patrycja Graca-Gelert
Chapter 7. Competitiveness of Polish Industry in Foreign Trade in the Context of Industry 4.0
Mariusz-Jan Radło
Chapter 8 Significance of Foreign Direct Investment to the Digital Competitiveness of the Polish Economy
Tomasz M. Napiórkowski
PART III . KEY FACTORS OF COMPETITIVENESS OF THE POLISH ECONOMY IN 2010-2017 IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CHALLENGES OF INDUSTRY 4.0
Chapter 9 . Directions and Key Challenges of Economic Policy in Poland in the Context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Adam Czerniak, Ryszard Rapacki
Chapter 10 . Significance of the Financial System in Poland in 2010-2017 in the
Context of the Challenges Related to Industry 4.0 and Digital Competitiveness
Katarzyna Sum
Chapter 11 . Investments and Financing the Fourth Industrial Revolution in Poland
Piotr Maszczyk
Chapter 12 . Development of Human Resources in the Context of the Challenges of Industry 4.0 and the Digital Economy in Poland
Anna Maria Dzienis
Chapter 13 . Changes in Total Factor Productivity in the Fourth Industrial Revolution Era
Mariusz Próchniak
PART IV. DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRY 4.0 IN POLAND
Chapter 14 .Industry 4.0 State of Play and Barriers in Poland
Marzenna Anna Weresa
Chapter 15. Challenges and Instruments of Innovation Policy in Poland in the Context of Industry 4.0
Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski, Marta Mackiewicz
Chapter 16 . Digitalization of the Polish Economy and the Use of IT Innovations and Big Data by Polish Enterprises
Andżelika Kuźnar
Chapter 17. Poland's Competitive Position in the Use of Digital Technology
Andreas Bielig
FINAL CONCLUSIONS
Competitive Position of the Polish Economy in the Context of Digital Economy Development
Marzenna Anna Weresa, Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski
